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Course level:
100
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BIO-101 Introductory Biology: Molecules, Genes & Cells
Introduction to cell biology, bioenergetics, gene expression, and patterns of inheritance with a focus on important topical issues. Laboratory emphasizes the experimental nature of biological investigation. Students not majoring in biology but who are interested in the health professions may, with a grade of C or better in Biology 101, enroll in Biology 112. Three class hours and laboratory
BIO-102 Contemporary Topics in Biology
Designed for nonscience majors. Course covers selected biological topics related to human diseases and focuses on contemporary problems and their possible solutions. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-103 Contemporary Topics in Biology: Plants and Society
Designed for nonscience majors. Course covers selected biological topics related to the evolution of life and human evolution. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-111 Introduction To Ecology and Evolution
Designed to introduce students to general biological principles, with a focus on ecology and evolution. Topics include adaptation, nutrient cycling and energy flow, population growth and species interactions, Mendelian and population genetics, speciation, and the history of life. Laboratory emphasizes the experimental nature of biological investigation. Designed for science majors with a high school background in biology, chemistry, and mathematics. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-112 Form and Function in Living Organisms
Designed for science majors. Morphology and physiology of plants and animals are emphasized. Lecture and laboratory topics include nutrition, energetics, internal regulation, neural and hormonal integration, and reproduction. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-200 Physiology of Plant Adaptations
Major structural systems, physiological processes, and adaptations of plants to their environment. Topics include growth regulatory substances, photoperiodic responses, water balance, nutrition, plant defense mechanisms, and the responses of plants to environmental changes. Three hours lecture.
BIO-202 Structural Plant Development
Anatomical approach to the study of higher plant structures. The origin and differentiation of tissues and organs, environmental aspects of development, and plant anomalies are studied. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-204 Biology of Flowering Plants
Identification, classification, structural diversity, ecology, and evolutionary relationships of the angiosperms. Course includes field work for collection and identification of local flora. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Alternate years.
BIO-205 Ecology
Principles of ecology, with emphasis on three levels of the biological hierarchy-organisms, populations, and communities-that are needed to understand the factors that determine the abundance and distribution of any species. Course includes a number of field trips. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Credit cannot be received for both this course and Environmental Studies 211.
BIO-211 Genetics
Overview of principles of genetics. Topics include chemical nature of genes, Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance, gene regulation, genetic engineering, molecular evolution, and population genetics. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-212 Cell Biology
Structure and function of eukaryotic cells. Topics include protein structure, enzyme function, membrane structure and transport, protein sorting, energy transduction by mitochondria and chloroplasts, chromosome structure, cell division and cell-cycle control, cell communication, cell motility, and cell biology of cancer. Three class hours and laboratory. Prerequisites: Chemistry 107, 108 and Biology 211
BIO-215 Electron Microscopy
Introduction to basic theory and practice of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, techniques of tissue preparation, and introduction to interpretation of animal and plant ultrastructure. Each student is required to complete an independent project. Six hours in class-laboratory work. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
BIO-217 An Evolutionary Survey of the Plant Kingdom
Synopsis of embryo-producing plants, primarily liverworts, mosses, fern allies, ferns, and seed plants. Emphasis is on comparative morphology or vegetative and reproductive characters unique features, and evolutionary trends in plants. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-218 Biology of Algae and Fungi
Study of algae (phycology) and fungi (mycology)in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems with emphasis on their role in primary production and decomposition. Topics include identification, morphology, reproduction, ecology, and phylogeny of these organisms. Culture techniques and principles of plant pathology and medical mycology are also considered. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-220 Development Biology
Survey of the phenomena and principles of animal development. Major attention is given to the genetic and cellular mechanisms that control cell differentiation and the development of form in several model organisms. Vertebrates are emphasized in the study of organ development. Three class hours and laboratory. Alternate years.
BIO-223 Parasitology
Introduction to the general principles of parasitism, with emphasis on the epidemiology, taxonomy, morphology, and physiology of the major groups of protozoan, helminth, and arthropod parasites of humans and other animals. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-224 Vertebrate Zoology
Introduction to systematics, distribution, reproduction, and population dynamics of vertebrates. Field and laboratory emphasis on natural history, collection, and identification. Optional trip to North Carolina. Six hours in class, laboratory, and field work.
BIO-225 Animal Behavior
Study of animal behavior through readings, discussions, and field and laboratory observations. Phenomena considered range from from simple reflex response to complex social organization. Role of behavioral adaptations in the biology of animal species is emphasized. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-227 Invertebrate Zoology
Study of the structure, physiology, and behavior of the major groups of animals representing 99 percent of the animal kingdom. Focus is on functional morphology and evolutionary adaptation. Course includes individual or group research projects. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-228 Tropical Marine Biology
Biology of tropical marine organisms and study of the geological, chemical and physical processes in tropical marine ecosystems. Course requires a 2-week summer field/lab program at a marine research station in the Bahamas (additional costs). In the field, the students snorkel to observe diverse marine organisms in habitats such as coral reefs and rocky/sandy intertidal zones.
BIO-230 Microbiology
Biology of viruses and bacteria, with emphasis on morphology, metabolism, taxonomy, reproduction, and ecology. Laboratory includes isolation, culture, environmental influences, identification, and biochemical characterization of bacteria and their viruses. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-235 Neurobiology
An exploration of the biological basis of brain function, including: electrical and chemical signaling of nerve cells; modulation and plasticity of signaling occurring in different behavioral states or during learning; and the structure, function, and development of circuits of interconnected nerve cells involved in sensory perception and motor coordination. Emphasis is placed on the behavioral and clinical aspects of modern neurobiology: how particular properties of the brain underlie specific behaviors, and how malfunctions of neural mechanisms lead to various neurological disorders.
BIO-240 Paleobiology
Paleobiology. Diversity, biology and ecology of ancient life; the major biological and geological changes that had a significant impact on our evolutionary history and the key geological and physical processes that shaped our earth during its 4.5 billion year history. Laboratory component introduces students to the techniques required for the proper collection, preservation, identification and cataloging of fossils; and involves visits to local fossil collection sites and museums. Students are required to develop a personal fossil collection during this course.
BIO-251 Introduction to Bioinformatics
Introduction to the emerging field of bioinformatics, where biology and computer science intersect with the rapidly expanding volume of biological information produced by genome sequencing and proteomic exploration of life processes. Application of bioinformatic software tools to the analysis of gene sequences and protein structures is emphasized. Students undertake a laboratory project combining in silico and in vitro approaches to isolate and analyze their own DNA. The course provides an introduction to computer algorithms used in bioinformatic software.
BIO-260 Biostatistics
Designed for students in biology who plan to engage in individualized study and/or research. Topics include the nature of biological data and the statistical procedures to analyze them. Special attention given to experimental design and hypothesis testing. Three class hours and one hour discussion. Credit cannot be received for both this course and Mathematics 107, Psychology 205, or Economics 241.
BIO-306 Marine Ecology
Analysis of the ecology of marine systems. The open ocean, estuaries, salt marshes, beaches, mud and sand flats, seagrass beds, rocky shores, coral reefs, and deep sea are examined. Problems of pollution, beach erosion, and the management of declining fisheries is also presented. Quantitative field work in a variety of coastal habitats is conducted on a required field trip to Duke University Marine Laboratory and the Outer Banks barrier island chain. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Alternate years. Prerequisite: ES 211 or Bio 205
BIO-307 Freshwater Biology
Study of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of inland waters. Topics include nutrient cycling, biological interactions, and effects of human activities. Course includes individual research projects and a number of field trips. Six hours in class, laboratory, and field work. Prerequisite: Junior or Senior Standing
BIO-314 Evolution
Study of the transformation and diversification of populations through time. Topics include history of life, adaptation, selection and population genetics, speciation and extinction, evolutionary innovations, and patterns of diversity. Three class hours and one hour discussion. Alternate years.
BIO-320 Development Biology
Survey of the phenomena and principles of animal development. Major attention is given to the genetic and cellular mechanisms that control cell differentiation and the development of form in several model organisms. Vertebrates are emphasized in the study of organ development. Three class hours and laboratory. Alternate years.
BIO-332 Immunobiology
Introduction to the vertebrate immune system at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. Antibody structure, antigen-antibody interaction, the genetics of antibody diversity, the immune response, and the bases of self/non-self discrimination are emphasized. Three class hours. Alternate years.
BIO-334 Biochemistry II
Detailed survey of the primary and secondary metabolic processes in living cells. Topics discussed include the overall organization of metabolic pathways, carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism, biological oxidation and reduction and energy production. Special attention is given to regulation, hormone action, metabolic disorders and disease. Laboratory work includes an independent research project. Three lecture hours and one laboratory afternoon
BIO-340 Comparative Animal Physiology
Regulation of basic physiological processes in animals. Unifying principles are studied using a comparative approach. Three class hours and laboratory. Credit cannot be received for both this course and HES 210.
BIO-351 Molecular Genetics
Study of the basic mechanisms of information storage and retrieval from DNA and RNA. Topics include genome organization and the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; DNA replication and repair; molecular genetics of cancer and human-inherited disorders; and recombinant DNA technology. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-450 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-451 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-452 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-453 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Independent investigation of a topic of special interest, directed by a faculty member familiar with the general field of study. May be used as preparation for enrollment in Biology 460. Prerequisite: Approval of directing faculty member.
BIO-460 Individualized Study-Research
Independent investigation of a topic of special interest, normally including both literature and laboratory research. Directed by a faculty member. Results of investigation are presented to the department. Open to juniors and seniors. A grade of C or higher must be earned to receive a B.S. degree. A single Individualized Study may be used toward one of the eight courses required for the B.A. degree. Prerequisite: Approval of both the directing faculty member and department.
BIO-461 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-462 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-463 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor graded S/U
BIO-470 Individualized Study-Internship
Internship counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-471 Individualized Study-Internship
Internship counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-472 Individualized Study-Intern
Internship not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-473 Individualized Study-Intern
Independent internship experience under the direct supervision of professional personnel in a variety of biology-related areas. Internship may be arranged by the department or the student. Must combine practical work experience with an academic dimension. Library research paper on a subject related to the experience is required. Prerequisite: Approval of both supervisor and department. Contact Center for Career Development for application and further assistance.
BIO-475 Summer Internship
Summer Internship graded S/U, counting in the mimimum requirements for a major or minor only with written permission filed in the Registrar's Office
BIO-101 Introductory Biology: Molecules, Genes & Cells
Introduction to cell biology, bioenergetics, gene expression, and patterns of inheritance with a focus on important topical issues. Laboratory emphasizes the experimental nature of biological investigation. Students not majoring in biology but who are interested in the health professions may, with a grade of C or better in Biology 101, enroll in Biology 112. Three class hours and laboratory
BIO-102 Contemporary Topics in Biology
Designed for nonscience majors. Course covers selected biological topics related to human diseases and focuses on contemporary problems and their possible solutions. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-103 Contemporary Topics in Biology: Plants and Society
Designed for nonscience majors. Course covers selected biological topics related to the evolution of life and human evolution. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-111 Introduction To Ecology and Evolution
Designed to introduce students to general biological principles, with a focus on ecology and evolution. Topics include adaptation, nutrient cycling and energy flow, population growth and species interactions, Mendelian and population genetics, speciation, and the history of life. Laboratory emphasizes the experimental nature of biological investigation. Designed for science majors with a high school background in biology, chemistry, and mathematics. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-112 Form and Function in Living Organisms
Designed for science majors. Morphology and physiology of plants and animals are emphasized. Lecture and laboratory topics include nutrition, energetics, internal regulation, neural and hormonal integration, and reproduction. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-200 Physiology of Plant Adaptations
Major structural systems, physiological processes, and adaptations of plants to their environment. Topics include growth regulatory substances, photoperiodic responses, water balance, nutrition, plant defense mechanisms, and the responses of plants to environmental changes. Three hours lecture.
BIO-202 Structural Plant Development
Anatomical approach to the study of higher plant structures. The origin and differentiation of tissues and organs, environmental aspects of development, and plant anomalies are studied. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-204 Biology of Flowering Plants
Identification, classification, structural diversity, ecology, and evolutionary relationships of the angiosperms. Course includes field work for collection and identification of local flora. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Alternate years.
BIO-205 Ecology
Principles of ecology, with emphasis on three levels of the biological hierarchy-organisms, populations, and communities-that are needed to understand the factors that determine the abundance and distribution of any species. Course includes a number of field trips. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Credit cannot be received for both this course and Environmental Studies 211.
BIO-211 Genetics
Overview of principles of genetics. Topics include chemical nature of genes, Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance, gene regulation, genetic engineering, molecular evolution, and population genetics. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-212 Cell Biology
Structure and function of eukaryotic cells. Topics include protein structure, enzyme function, membrane structure and transport, protein sorting, energy transduction by mitochondria and chloroplasts, chromosome structure, cell division and cell-cycle control, cell communication, cell motility, and cell biology of cancer. Three class hours and laboratory. Prerequisites: Chemistry 107, 108 and Biology 211
BIO-215 Electron Microscopy
Introduction to basic theory and practice of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, techniques of tissue preparation, and introduction to interpretation of animal and plant ultrastructure. Each student is required to complete an independent project. Six hours in class-laboratory work. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
BIO-217 An Evolutionary Survey of the Plant Kingdom
Synopsis of embryo-producing plants, primarily liverworts, mosses, fern allies, ferns, and seed plants. Emphasis is on comparative morphology or vegetative and reproductive characters unique features, and evolutionary trends in plants. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-218 Biology of Algae and Fungi
Study of algae (phycology) and fungi (mycology)in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems with emphasis on their role in primary production and decomposition. Topics include identification, morphology, reproduction, ecology, and phylogeny of these organisms. Culture techniques and principles of plant pathology and medical mycology are also considered. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-220 Development Biology
Survey of the phenomena and principles of animal development. Major attention is given to the genetic and cellular mechanisms that control cell differentiation and the development of form in several model organisms. Vertebrates are emphasized in the study of organ development. Three class hours and laboratory. Alternate years.
BIO-223 Parasitology
Introduction to the general principles of parasitism, with emphasis on the epidemiology, taxonomy, morphology, and physiology of the major groups of protozoan, helminth, and arthropod parasites of humans and other animals. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-224 Vertebrate Zoology
Introduction to systematics, distribution, reproduction, and population dynamics of vertebrates. Field and laboratory emphasis on natural history, collection, and identification. Optional trip to North Carolina. Six hours in class, laboratory, and field work.
BIO-225 Animal Behavior
Study of animal behavior through readings, discussions, and field and laboratory observations. Phenomena considered range from from simple reflex response to complex social organization. Role of behavioral adaptations in the biology of animal species is emphasized. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-227 Invertebrate Zoology
Study of the structure, physiology, and behavior of the major groups of animals representing 99 percent of the animal kingdom. Focus is on functional morphology and evolutionary adaptation. Course includes individual or group research projects. Six hours in class-laboratory work.
BIO-228 Tropical Marine Biology
Biology of tropical marine organisms and study of the geological, chemical and physical processes in tropical marine ecosystems. Course requires a 2-week summer field/lab program at a marine research station in the Bahamas (additional costs). In the field, the students snorkel to observe diverse marine organisms in habitats such as coral reefs and rocky/sandy intertidal zones.
BIO-230 Microbiology
Biology of viruses and bacteria, with emphasis on morphology, metabolism, taxonomy, reproduction, and ecology. Laboratory includes isolation, culture, environmental influences, identification, and biochemical characterization of bacteria and their viruses. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-235 Neurobiology
An exploration of the biological basis of brain function, including: electrical and chemical signaling of nerve cells; modulation and plasticity of signaling occurring in different behavioral states or during learning; and the structure, function, and development of circuits of interconnected nerve cells involved in sensory perception and motor coordination. Emphasis is placed on the behavioral and clinical aspects of modern neurobiology: how particular properties of the brain underlie specific behaviors, and how malfunctions of neural mechanisms lead to various neurological disorders.
BIO-240 Paleobiology
Paleobiology. Diversity, biology and ecology of ancient life; the major biological and geological changes that had a significant impact on our evolutionary history and the key geological and physical processes that shaped our earth during its 4.5 billion year history. Laboratory component introduces students to the techniques required for the proper collection, preservation, identification and cataloging of fossils; and involves visits to local fossil collection sites and museums. Students are required to develop a personal fossil collection during this course.
BIO-251 Introduction to Bioinformatics
Introduction to the emerging field of bioinformatics, where biology and computer science intersect with the rapidly expanding volume of biological information produced by genome sequencing and proteomic exploration of life processes. Application of bioinformatic software tools to the analysis of gene sequences and protein structures is emphasized. Students undertake a laboratory project combining in silico and in vitro approaches to isolate and analyze their own DNA. The course provides an introduction to computer algorithms used in bioinformatic software.
BIO-260 Biostatistics
Designed for students in biology who plan to engage in individualized study and/or research. Topics include the nature of biological data and the statistical procedures to analyze them. Special attention given to experimental design and hypothesis testing. Three class hours and one hour discussion. Credit cannot be received for both this course and Mathematics 107, Psychology 205, or Economics 241.
BIO-306 Marine Ecology
Analysis of the ecology of marine systems. The open ocean, estuaries, salt marshes, beaches, mud and sand flats, seagrass beds, rocky shores, coral reefs, and deep sea are examined. Problems of pollution, beach erosion, and the management of declining fisheries is also presented. Quantitative field work in a variety of coastal habitats is conducted on a required field trip to Duke University Marine Laboratory and the Outer Banks barrier island chain. Three class hours and laboratory-field work. Alternate years. Prerequisite: ES 211 or Bio 205
BIO-307 Freshwater Biology
Study of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of inland waters. Topics include nutrient cycling, biological interactions, and effects of human activities. Course includes individual research projects and a number of field trips. Six hours in class, laboratory, and field work. Prerequisite: Junior or Senior Standing
BIO-314 Evolution
Study of the transformation and diversification of populations through time. Topics include history of life, adaptation, selection and population genetics, speciation and extinction, evolutionary innovations, and patterns of diversity. Three class hours and one hour discussion. Alternate years.
BIO-320 Development Biology
Survey of the phenomena and principles of animal development. Major attention is given to the genetic and cellular mechanisms that control cell differentiation and the development of form in several model organisms. Vertebrates are emphasized in the study of organ development. Three class hours and laboratory. Alternate years.
BIO-332 Immunobiology
Introduction to the vertebrate immune system at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. Antibody structure, antigen-antibody interaction, the genetics of antibody diversity, the immune response, and the bases of self/non-self discrimination are emphasized. Three class hours. Alternate years.
BIO-334 Biochemistry II
Detailed survey of the primary and secondary metabolic processes in living cells. Topics discussed include the overall organization of metabolic pathways, carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism, biological oxidation and reduction and energy production. Special attention is given to regulation, hormone action, metabolic disorders and disease. Laboratory work includes an independent research project. Three lecture hours and one laboratory afternoon
BIO-340 Comparative Animal Physiology
Regulation of basic physiological processes in animals. Unifying principles are studied using a comparative approach. Three class hours and laboratory. Credit cannot be received for both this course and HES 210.
BIO-351 Molecular Genetics
Study of the basic mechanisms of information storage and retrieval from DNA and RNA. Topics include genome organization and the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; DNA replication and repair; molecular genetics of cancer and human-inherited disorders; and recombinant DNA technology. Three class hours and laboratory.
BIO-450 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-451 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-452 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Individualized tutorial not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-453 Individualized Study-Tutorial
Independent investigation of a topic of special interest, directed by a faculty member familiar with the general field of study. May be used as preparation for enrollment in Biology 460. Prerequisite: Approval of directing faculty member.
BIO-460 Individualized Study-Research
Independent investigation of a topic of special interest, normally including both literature and laboratory research. Directed by a faculty member. Results of investigation are presented to the department. Open to juniors and seniors. A grade of C or higher must be earned to receive a B.S. degree. A single Individualized Study may be used toward one of the eight courses required for the B.A. degree. Prerequisite: Approval of both the directing faculty member and department.
BIO-461 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-462 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-463 Individualized Study-Research
Individualized research not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor graded S/U
BIO-470 Individualized Study-Internship
Internship counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-471 Individualized Study-Internship
Internship counting toward the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded S/U
BIO-472 Individualized Study-Intern
Internship not counting in the minimum requirements in a major or minor, graded A-F
BIO-473 Individualized Study-Intern
Independent internship experience under the direct supervision of professional personnel in a variety of biology-related areas. Internship may be arranged by the department or the student. Must combine practical work experience with an academic dimension. Library research paper on a subject related to the experience is required. Prerequisite: Approval of both supervisor and department. Contact Center for Career Development for application and further assistance.
BIO-475 Summer Internship
Summer Internship graded S/U, counting in the mimimum requirements for a major or minor only with written permission filed in the Registrar's Office
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