Answer the questions concerning where citations are needed in the following passage.
The Digital Millenium Copyright Act (DMCA), passed by the United States Congress in 1998, makes any attempt to bypass software intended to protect copyright on digital files a criminal offense. (1) The DMCA is intended to help combat the serious problems of intellectual property theft in the international arena, such as the estimate $245 million of lost revenue resulting from pirated software in India in 2001. (2)
According to Adam Eisgrau of the American Library Association, the DMCA changed the emphasis from whether people use information in such a way to violate copyright to prohibitions about how they access information. (3) Many legal scholars, such as Cassandra Imfeld, believe the DMCA as written is unconstitutional and unjust. (4) "By punishing the actual offenders instead of individuals who provide the tools, fair use can encourage the dissemination of information and protect the First Amendment rights of freedom of speech and the press." (5)
Do you need a citation at (1)?
Do you need a citation at (2)?
Do you need a citation at (3)?
Do you need a citation at (4)?
Do you need a citation at (5)?
